Manufacture of blown glassware



June 13, 1933. G, E, RowE 1,914,169

MANUFACTURE OF BLOWN GLASSWARE v .Filred Jan. 4,I 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1June 13, 1933.

G. E. ROWE MANUFACTURE OF BLOWN GLASSWARE Filed Jan. 4, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet 2 eogge Il 0 2U l? Patented June 13, 1933 PATENT. OFFICEUNITED STATES GEORGE CROWE, OF WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TOHARTFORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, 0F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION 0FDELAWARE MANUFACTURE 0F BLOWN GLASSWARE Application iiled January 4,'1929. Serial No. 330,227.

My invention relates generally to the manufacture of hollow glassware,and more parlower end. A pressing plunger then is caused to descend intothe charge in the parison mold and glass of the charge is forced byhydraulic pressure upwardly along the plunger into the upper portion ofthe parison mold and forms the neck Aor rim portion of the article beingmade. Subsequently, the parison is removed and blowing pressure isintroduced into the 4parison to expand the parison to inal form in afinishing mold which has been closed about the parison. In themanufacture of hollow glassware in this manner the charge ordinarilyonly partly fills the parison mold and different portions of the parisonare made from unequally chilled glass. For example, as the pressing`plunger descends in the glass in the parison mold, the glassthat isforced upwardly by l" hydraulic pressure to form the neck portion of thearticle being made will be chilled in a different manner and to adifferent extent than the glass that remains in the lower4 distributionof glass to all parts of the walls of the article being formeddifficult, if not practically impossible of attainment. Moreover, theaction of the pressing plunger in the closed parisonmold may result inexcessive pressure on portions of the glass, which also will tend toimpair the quality of the finished article.

An object of the present invention is to improve methods of andapparatus for forming hollow articles of glassware of the type describedby providing for coaction of a pressing plunger with part hof a glasscharge in an annular mold so as to form the neck portion or' finish ofthe article being made and to provide a'preliminary cavity ir4 the glassfor the reception of blowing pressure lluid without causing hydraulicpressure on the glass and without subjecting any portion of the glass toexcessive pressure.

A further object of the invention is to simplify and improve methods ofand apparatus for manufacturing hollow glass articles of the characterdescribed by eliminat` ing certain of the intermediate steps which haveseemed necessary prior to the present invention and which have requiredthe use of instrumentalities that contribute to the unequal chilling ofthe glass in different portions of the article being made.

A still further object of the invention is to improve the manufacture ofarticles of hollow glassware of the type described by providing novelcombinations of steps and making use of apparatus which will result inthe production in a relatively short time of practically perfectarticles of blown glassware having walls which are substantially uniformin thickness throughout all portions of such articles. v

In carrying out the invention, I may dispense with the use of a parisonmold, such as commonly has been employed prior to the invention, and mayprovide for the delivery of a suitable preformed and separated charge ofmolten glass into an open ended annular receptacle, the lower endportion of which constitutes' a neck mold. In order to prevent themolten glass charge from falling through the receptacle, a temporarysupport or stop for such charge may be provided at the lower end thereofto check or stop the downward movement of thc charge in the receptacleuntil portions of the glass enter the neck finish oove or grooves in thewalls of a portion o the neck lae mold portion thereof. Suction may beemployed in such grooves to facilitate the entrance of glass thereinto,and to aid in holding the glass for. the neck inish of the article inthe neck mold, particularly after the bottom stopfhas been removed. Suchbottom stop may be removed as soon as the t cause of its contact withthe removable bottom plate or stop. Consequently, the blowsuction ise'ective 'to draw glass into the neck finish grooves and a plunger thenis caused to descend into the glass in the re# ceptacle to cooperatewith the inner walls of the neck mold to form the neck finish or portionof the article being made and to force the remainderr of the glass ofthe charge longitudinally of the' receptacle so that glass for the bodyof the article being made will project from the neck mold portionthereof. When the receptacle is in up right position at the time themold charge is delivered thereto, as contemplated by one method ofcarrying out the present inven-r tion, the temporary bottom stop or suport for the mold charge may be a plate o? terial having a minimumchilling efect on the glass, such as brush carbon, and to which theglass will not stick when the support or stop -is relatively hot. Thegroove or grooves in the inner wall of the neck mold are for formingbeads or threads on the neck finish or portion of the article beinginade and preferably will be disposed well toward the lower end of thereceptacle when the latter. is upright. The temporary support or stopmay be removed almost instant- 1 lyif 'suction is employed to hold glassin the neck mold and part of the glass may be permittedto sag somewhatfrom the lower end of the upright receptacle before the plunger is movedvdownward into the glass Atherein. However, if suction should not beemployed, the temporary support or stop' preferably will be retained incontact with the lowerend of the glass charge until just dil,

before the plun er enters the glass as it is then Adesirable t at theneck finish be permitted toset as much as practicable before the plungerenters the glass. The adhesion of the glass to the wall of the neckmold.y

and they engagement of the glassv with the groove in the inner wall ofthe mold then are depended on to prevent the downward movement of theplunger from pulling from thee neck mold the glass that forms the neckiini'sh or portion of the article being made. In either event, after theplun er has reached the limit of its vdownwar movement, at which time itmay roject somewhat vfrom the lower end of t e receptacle, pressurefluid is applied through said plung- :er to the interior of the glass topun or blow the depending bare glass to a shape which correspondssomewhat to that of a counterblown parison such as is formed ac-lcording to methods employed priorto ythe present invention. However,such partially integree blown glass has not been subjected to suchinequalities as to temperature conditions,

ing of the bare glass below lthe neck mold according to the presentinvention may be so regulated -with due regard to the tendency of moltenglass to sag downward in suspension, and to the action of glass to forma skin thereon when subjected to a temperature dierent from that of theglass, so that the thickness ofthe walls of the partially blown articlemay be so regulatedthat such partially blown Varticle may be subseuentlyexpanded by blowing pressure in a ishing mold to produce a finishedarticle having walls of approximately equal thickness in all partsthereof.

As ra variation, the neck mold may be separate from the remainder of thereceptacle and may be inverted at the time of the delivery of a moldcharge to the receptacle, somewhat as a parison mold is inverted in themanufacture of glassware according to methods of forming narrow-neckware, and

projecting the pressing plunger from below upwardly'into the neck mold.The contact o the upper end of the pressing plunger with the lower endof the charge in the neck mold will sto or retard the downward movementof t e charge in the neck mold so that glass of the charge will enterthe groove or grooves in the inner wall ofthe neck mold. Suction may beemployed in the neck mold tov facilitate the entrance of glass into thegrooves of the neck mold.

he plunger then is moved upward in the glass in the neck mold tocooperate with the inner wall of the neck mold in forming the neckfinish or portion of the article being made and in forcing part of theglass of the charge upwardly from the neck mold.. Suc- .tion may beemployed during this movement neck mold is in an upright position andthe;

ortion of the glass which will form the ody of the article bein belowthe neck mold. gressure fluid then is admitted through the plunger and afinishing mold is closed about the pendantv glass to permit performanceof the remaining ste s necessary for the production of the inishearticle.

lit will be observed that the glass will not be subjected to hydraulicpressure or, in other words, part of the glass charge willfbe 120 madeis pendant l unconfined free to move longitudinally of 'the neck moldduring the formation of i theneck .finish-or portion.` of the articlebeing made when theinven'tion is performed according to either of themethods just described. 'f

.Other objects and advantages of the 1nvention will be apparent from thefollowing more detailed description when it is considered in conjunctionwiththe accompanying drawings, in which:

Figures 1 to 5 inclusivel are somewhat diagrammatic. vertical sectlonalviews, illustrating successl've stages 1n the manufacture of arelatively wide mouthed bottle according to one method embodying theinvention and showing such instrumentalities as may advantageously beused in the performance of such method; j

Figs.` 6 to 9 inclusive are viewsv generally similar to- Figs'. 1 to 4inclusive and show,

slight variations in certain steps of a method generally similar to thatillustrated in Figs.- l to inclusive, showing also somewhatdifferentinstrumentalities for carrying out the method;

rat-us somewhat different from that illustrated in the preceding views.

In Fig. 1, a charge of molten glass is shown at 1 in an uprightsectional receptacle 2, the lower end portionof which constitutes a neck'1nold, indicated at 2a?. The charge is prevented from falling throughthe receptacle by a bottom` stopv or cover plate 3.

cover plate 3 is preferably 'of brush carbon for the reasonshereinbefore stated. The

glass charge 1 preferably was severed after having been preformed insuspension above the upright receptacle and fell from thedotted lineposition indicated at A through the guide. funnel 4 .into the receptacleagainst `Vthe bottom stop or cover plate 3. The lneck mold portion ofthe receptacle 2 has an annular groove 5 in its innerwall adjacent toits lower end" connected by the narrow passages or ports 6 with anannular suction chamber 7 which may be provided by disposing a. jacketnu uber 8 on the neck' mold. The suction chamber 7 `may communicatethrough the pipe 9 with any suitable source of sucti'on (not shown) solthat the glass in the neck mold portion of the showing a modified formof apparatusl The receptacle 2 may be formed' of suitable metal, whilethe bottom stop or receptacle will be subjected to suction tendgroove 5.The' glass in the groove 5 will form part of the neck? `finish of thearticle being made and obviously such groove Amay -ing to draw part ofsuch glass intov the extendspirally a plurality `of times around vtheinner periphery o f the neck mold or a plurality of discontinuous spacedgrooves may be provided in the inner wall of 'the neck mold, or-anyother type of neck. finish,d

may be employed.

In Fig. 2, the bottom stop or cover plate 3 has been removed and isomitted while suction on the glass in the groove 5 may still becontinued. A plunger is shown in Fig. 2 in axial alignment with thereceptacle 2 and about to enter the upper end thereof. Part of the glass'of the charge in gravity sothat it extends in a rounded mass below thelower end of the neck mold portion thereof while a' slight concavity hasbeen formed at 9 centrally of the upper part of the glass charge. Thelower end portion or head 10 of the plunger preferably istaperingfas'shown, and is fof less area in 5 the receptacle has saggedsomewhat by* cross section than the glass receiving space l ,within thereceptacle while the upper part or body 11' of the plunger preferably-isof sufficient area'in cross section 'and of yproper cross-sectionalconfiguration to fit closely although slidably in the bore of thereceptacle. A shoulder 12 t us is formed `between the portions 10 an 11ofthe plunger.

The plunger is connected at its upper end with a topf cover member 13and the connection of the plunger with the top cover member may bedetachable '.as'shown in Fig. 3, so as to permit plungers having lowerend portions 1() of individually diferent shapes and sizesgto be usedwith the same top cover member. s

j' In Fig. 3, the combined plunger and top cover memberhave been moveddownward sothat' the top cover member rests on the upper end of thereceptacle 2 and the plun ger has been projected downwardly thrgugh thereceptacle until the lower end portion 10 of such plunger has engagedthe centralv portion of the glass charge in the receptacle and hasforced part of the charge downwardly belowthe neck mold portion of theIreceptacle as indicated at B while cooperating with the internally"grooved'lower end portion of the neck mold 2m to form the remainder ofthe vglass charge into the neck finish or portion C of the article thatis being made. f It will be observed that the .shoulder 12.0n theplunger is disposed at this time at the 'upper edge of the groove 5 inthe bore of\the neck mold portion of l 'the receptacle and thuscooperates with the iwall of the groove 5 to form a rounded bead at theupper edge of the neck finish portion `of the article. being made andalso aids in nsf v a valve rod operating lever 19, which is ful cruinedat 2() on an upstanding lug on theI i mitted from the chamber 15 throughthelv holding the glass of the neck finish in place in the neck mold.The shoulder12 may be curved concavely to conform substantially to thevertical sectional configuration of the.

walls of the groove 5. The suction on the glass of the neck finish mayhave been continued while the plunger moved downward from the positionshown in-Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3. This plunger may have acentral 'bore 13 having a reduced lower end portion 121 and havingcoinmunication at the upper end of the plunger with a chamber or space1.5 in the top cover inember. A valve rod 16 extends looselyJ throughthe relatively large part 14 of the bore of the plunger andhasv itslower end portion disposed. in the reduced lower end portion 14a of theplunger bore so as to closet-he latter. The upper end of the valve rod16 projects through an opening 17- in thel topv cover member 3 at thetop of the chamber 15 and may be threaded for engagement l with a pairof'spaced nuts 17 and 18 respectively. The lower nut 17 cooperates withthe top cover member 3 to limit the downward movement of the valve rod16 in the bore of the plunger. Forks at one endof top covei member 3,embrace the upper end portion of the valve rod between the nuts. 17 and18. The lever 19 has a lhandle 21. at its outer end which may be grippedand the lever thus conveniently actuated to positively raise or lowerthe valverod in-the bore of the plunger.- The chamber 15 coin.

iiiunicates through a port 22 with a pipe A23 which may be connectedwith any suitabley 'source of pressure fiuid supply. y The valve rod isin position to close the reduced lower end portion of the borefof theplunger at the time the plunger lis moved 'from the position shown inFig. 2 to the' position shown in Fig. 3. Thel lever ,19 then is actuatedto raise the valve rodand .pressure fiuid is adplunger bore into theinterior of the bare glass below the neck mold soas to blow a bubble insuch glass substantially as indicated at 24 in Fig. 4. This blowing ofthe bare glass below the neck mold may he continuous or may be effectedby discontinuous puffs. Suction on the glass of the'iieck finish at thelower" end of the neck mold may be continued at this time although suchsuction probably will not be required to retain the glass of the neckfinish in place, assuch glass will have. set at this time sufiieientlyto prevent any .impairment thereof as the depending glass below the neckmold sags by gravity and is blown to control its shape.

After the pendant glass below the neck mold 2m has attained a desirableshape, which as stated may be controlled by suitent portions thereof.

`able regulation of the blowing pressure and a recognition ofthetendency of the glass to sag by gravity while in suspension and toform a skin on its inner and outer walls, a finishingV mold unit 25which may be of any suita le construction and of any suitable materialis closed about the pendant partially blown glass below the neck mold.Blowing pressure then is continued or resumed: through the plunger toexpand the glass in the finishing mold to form the body of the finishedarticle, indicated at 26 in Fig. 5. It is not deemed `necessary toillustratethe 4remaining steps linfor relating to the manufacture of thearticle as it will be understood that the finishing' mold unit will beremoved from the article after such 'article has been blown .to finalform. The

according to the usual practice.

An article formed according to the method and by the instrumentali'tiesjust described in ay 'have -walls which are substantially uniform inthickness throughout the differl .This advantageous feature may beobtainedbecause of the novel method steps and the use'of the novelcoinbination of insti'uinentalities -hereinbefore described forproducing the article.' The glass-of which the article is formed hasbeen subjected to. a minimum of chilling contact with a relatively coolsurface, such as 'the wall 4of a mold, particularly when the glass was'relatively hot 'as is the .-'case during the formation of the neckfinish portion of the articlefand during the preliminary blowing of theglass which willforni the body of the article. 4

Moreover inequalityy of the thickness of the skin formation on differentport-ions of 'thc innernvall and on different -portions of '.quatelythan has been possible prior to the present invention unequal chillingofdifferent'portions of the glass for different portions of thearticle.

In addition, excessive pressure on any part of the glass and consequentimpairment of quality of the'article n iade o f such charge is entirelyobviated by reasonof the Vfact that the `glass is not subjected tohydraulic pressure nor fully confined while it is --relatively hot andmolten during: the formation of the neckfinish or portion of thearticle.

In Fig. 6, a mold charge l@ is shown in place in an upright receptacle2.a,jtlie lower end portion of which constitutesa neck .mold

2am. The charge is prevented from falling .stood that such funnel wasemployed to direct the :harge into the receptacle. The

neck mold 2am has a plurality of grooves 5a in its inner wall, eachconnected by the narrow passages 6a with an annular suction chan'ibcr 7(L in a jacket 80, which surrounds the nef-k mold. Suction may have beenemployed in the manner hereinbefore described to aid in causing glassfrom the charge la, to fill the grooves 5a..'

ln Fig. 7 the bottom stop or plate 3a has been removed and suction maystill be maintained to retain glass in the grooves 5a against. theaction ofthe gravity on the remainder of the charge. As a result of theaction of gravit-y, the lower portion of the charge has sagged somewhatbelow the lower end of the neck mold 2am-rl and a concavity7 appears at9a, centrally of the glass in the receptacle. A plunger comprises a bodyportion 30 which is of less areain cross section than the bore of thereceptacle 2a and a sleeve section 31 which is slidable on the bodysection 30 and is adapted to lit closely, although slidably, in the boreof the receptacle. The body portion 30 fof the plunger is shown as beingformed integrally with a top cover plate 32, although it may bedetachably connected therewith in any suitable known manner., Theplunger body has a bore 14a having a reduced lower end portion 14acontrolled by the valve rod 16a. The top cover plate 32 is provided witha depending rim ange 33 for the purpose of providing a space at 34 inFig. 8 for limlted vertical movement of an outturned flange 35 at theupper end of the sleeve section 31 of the plunger whenthe flange 33,- ofthe top cover plate rests on the upper end of the receptacle as shown inFig. 8. The movement of the sleeve section 31 along the'body section 30of the plungermaybe controlled by operating rods 36 which extendslidably through openings 37 in the top cover plate 32. The lower end ofthe body section 30 of the plunger preferably is tapering and rounded asshown.

The plunger and the top cover plate are moved as a unit from theposition shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 8 whilev thesleeve section 31 is maintained in its raised position as shown in Fig.8. This will cause part of the glass 'charge to be forced downwardlyfrom the neck mold 2am while the remainder of such charge remains'between the body of the plunger and the adjacent portion of the bore ofthe neck mold to form the neck finish of the article being made. Thelower end 39 ofthe sleeve section 31 of the plunger constitutes a shoulider for engaging with the glass at the upperv edge of the neck finishsubstantially in the manner `of the shoulder 12 of the plunger shown inFigs. 2 to 5 inclusive. After the 4plunger has reached its downwardlyprojected position shown in Fig. 8, the sleeve operating rods 36 are.operated either'auto-l curved7 the lower end of the sleeve section 39may be slightly concave in cross-sectional conliguration. The remainingsteps of the method when the apparatus shown in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusiveis employed are substantially .the same as will be performed withapparatus such as shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive and therefore need notbe described.

Fig. 10 shows another form of the combined plunger and top-cover deviceassociated with a receptacle 26, the lower end portion of whichconstitutes a neck mold 26m. The receptacle 26 may be substantiallyidentical in essential respects with the receptacle 2a and thereforeneed not be specifically described. The combined plunger and top coverdevice of Fig. 10 has a plunger which comprises a body section 306 thatmay be similar in all essential respects with the section 30 of theplunger shown in Figs. 7 to 9 inclusive. This section 306A of theplunger is shown as being joined integrally to a top lar suction space42 between the upper end of the sleeve section 316 and a portion of thetop cover plate 326, whichA annular suction.`

space may communicate through a narrow annular passage 4 3 with thespace within the neck mold 26m below the lower end 396 of the-s1eeve 3l.A pipe 44 may connect the suction passa-ge 42 with any suitable sourceof suction (not shown). Obviously a plurality of longitudinal passagesbetween the -sleeve section 316 and the adjacent portion of the bodysection 306? of the plunger may be provided in lieu of the annularpassage 43. The plunger body 306 is provided with a longitudinal bore136 extending through the top cover member 326'and having a reducedlower end portion 146 controlled by vthe vertically movable valve rod166.

When the plunger body 306 and the top cover member 326 are moveddownward as a unit" from a position corresponding to the position of thecombined plunger and cover unit of Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig.10, the sleeve section 316 of course will be moved downward in thereceptacle 26 with the lunger body and suction then may be app led tothe glass through the annular passage 43 to draw glass upwardly againstthe lower end or shoulder 396y of the plunger sleeve and to hold suchglass against the shoulder, thus forming the upper edge of the neckfinish or port-ion of the article being made. The suction in the annularpassage 43 also will tend to aid the suction on the glass in the groove5b in the inner wall of the neck mold 26x t0 retain the glass of theneck finish or portion of the article in place during the downwardmovement of the plunger body to the position shown in Fig. 10 and duringthe subsequent sagging of the glass below the neck mold by gravity andthe downward movement or expansion of such glass as a result of theapplication of blowing pressure thereto. The use of the structure shownin Fig. 10 for the production of a finished article of hollow glasswarewill be understood without further description in view of thedescription that has been .given as to the use of the forms of apparatusshown in Figs. 1 to. .5 inclusive and in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive.

The invention in its broader aspects may be carried out also by a methodwhich comprises steps and involves the use of structure -as illustratedin Figs. 11 to 14 inclusive. ln Fig. 11, a neck mold 2c is shown asinverted so that an annular groove 5c in its inner wall for thereception of glass that will form a thread or bead on the neck finish orportion of the finished article is located somewhat nearer to the upperend of the inverted neck mold than to the lower end thereof. The neckmold 2c carries a jacket member 8c which cooperates with the neck moldlto define an annular suction chamber 7c which communicates through thenarrow ports or passages 60 with the space-within the neck mold belowthe groove 5c. A pipe-v 90 may connect the suction space 7 c with anysuitable source of suction, not shown. A. glass'charge' L0 is shown inFig. 1.1 as having passed downwardly from the dotted line position shownat X partially through the sectional funnel 4c into the upper end of theinverted neck mold and as having had its fall or downward movementchecked or retarded in the upper partvof the neck mold by the taperingupper end 10o of a plunger which has a. larger portion 11o adapted tofit slidably in the bore of the neck mold. The lfunnel 4c and theinverted neck mold 2o thus conjointly form a temporary receptacle forthe glass charge. Suction may be employed on the glass entering theneckmold to aid in drawing part of the charge downward-- ly andoutwardly around the upper extremity of the reduced portion of theplunger so as to assure expeditious filling of the groove 5c, as shownin Fig. 11. The plunger partially shown in Fig. 11 is connected with aterence cover-plate 3c, shown in Fig. 12, which will contact with 'thelower end of the inverted neck mold when the plunger and cover platedevice is moved upward until the plunger is raised from the positionshown in Fig. 11 to the position shown inxFig. 12 to form the neckfinish or portion of the article of glassware and to force part of theglass upwardly in the funnel guide 4c above the upper end of theinverted neck mold, as shown in Fig. l2. lllhe bore of the funnel guide4c may enlarge somewhat toward its upper end so that the raised orupwardly displaced glass of the charge will assume a somewhat bulbousform, as indicated at 50 in Fig. '12, when the plunger is raised. Thisglass 50 will subsequently form the body of the article of hollowglassware that is being made. Suction fromthe passages 6c on the glassmay be employed to aid in holding glass for the neck finish in placewithin the inverted neck mold when the plunger is raised and part ofsuch glass will contact with shoulder 120 on the plunger so as to formthe edge of the neck portion of the article. The funnel guide 40 then isremoved and the neck mold and combined plunger and cover plate deviceare reverted as a `unit 4from the position shown in Fig. 12 to theposition shown in Fig. 13, the portion 50 of glass that was in thefunnel guide above the inverted neck mold, as shown in Fig. 12, thensagging downwardly somewhat as shown at 51 in Fig. 13. The plunger has alongitudinal bore 140 having a reduced lower end portion 140 controlledby a vertically movable valve rod 160. Blowing pressure is suppliedthrough this longitudinal bore of the plunger so as to blow a bubble 52in the glass below the upright neck mold, as shown in Fig. 13.A Theformation of the bubble may be commenced by puflI blowing during thereversion of the neck mold and the glass may at the same time be rotatedslowly about the axial line of the neck mold as disclosed in my patentNumber 1,840,532. The blowing of the bare glass carried by the neck moldmay be effected either by continuously applied regulated fluid pressureor by a series of discontinuous regulated pufi's until the pendant massof glasbelow the upright nec mold has been shaped substantially asindicated at 53 in Fig. 14. A finishing mold unit 254.' then is closedabout the pendant partially formed glass and the latter may be expandedby pressure applied through the plunger to'form the body of the finishedarticle of glassware.

It thus will be apparent that each of the` liereinbefore describedmethodsand the use of the Various instrumentalities described andillustrated for carrying out such methods permit the formation of theneck finish of the article that is being made and the production of apre n f.. i ry aperture or cavity in the glass that will form the bodyhollow glassware which comprises dropping a separated' charge of moltenglass into a v erl tically disposed'open ended receptacle having itslower end portion formed to constitute `a neck mold provided with 'anannular inter-y nal groove relatively adjacent to its lower end,stoppingthe glass from falling througli the receptacle by temporarilyinterposing a stop to the glass, applying suction 'to the glass to aidindrawing glass into said. in-

ternal groove and inv retaining s'uchuglassv therein, removing saidstop, projecting a pressing plunger having a. reduced yend portiondownwardly through the receptacle to cooperate with thel walls fof saidneck mold to form part of the glass of the charge into the. neck portionof the article being made'.

and to forcethe remainder ofthe glass .of the charge downwardly insuspension from the neck mold, introducing pressure fluid through saidplunger into the pendant glass to blow a bubble therein, closing alfinishing mold about the .pendant glass, and applyingv pressure fluidthrough the plunger to blow the body of the article to final formvin they finishing mold. p -2. Apparatus for forming ,hollow glass-- ware,comprising an open tend edrecejitacle adapted to receive a chargecomprising sufficient molten glass to forni a complete article of hollowglassware, the loweiend portion of said receptacle constituting. a neckmold, said neck moldv having anannular groove in'its inner 1wa`ll,.aremovable sto cfor temporarily retaining said charge o glass in thereceptacle to permit/a portion of such Aglass to enter and engage withsaid internal groove, and a plunger.- having a re'4 duced head portionof lessA area 4in-crosssecf.

tion than the bore of said receptacle and a body; portion adapted to fitslidably in said bore, -said plunger being movable said receptacle aftersaid stop has been removed and then cooperating with the neck in'dll to/forni the neck yportion of said article. of

glassware and to extrude from the neck mold an unconfined inass ofglass'for the bodyv ofy saidarticle y J j. 3. Apparatus for forminghollow glassware, comprising an open -ended vertically disposed'receptacle, the lower end portion of said receptacle constituting a neckmold having an annular groove. 1n the -inner .walll thereof, saidreceptacle beinga'dapted to rcceive a charge of molten glass ofsufficient, size to .form a desired article o'flglassw'arel 6; andhaving means for causing' a suction ov trance of a portion' ofYsaidglass charge into saidg-roove and to tend to retain said glass`charge' against falli-ng downwardly through the receptacle,- and aplunger having a reduced head portion of lless area in cross sec; ltionthan the boref`lof'tlie receptacle and a' body portion adaptedtolitslidably Iin said receptacle, said plungerl being adapted to beprojectedfroni above downwardly through said-.receptacle against theglass therein and partially past4 said annular groove tos cooperate withsaid'neck mold and with said suction to form a portion of tlie'glass ofsaid charge intovthe neck portion -f the article of glassware being madeand to extrude `fromv theneck mold an unconfined mass of glass for thebody' of said article ofjglassware.

4.' Apparatus for forming hollow glassware, comprising an open endedvertically disposed receptacle, the lower end portion of -saidreceptacle constituting a neck mold havthereof, said receptacle beingadapted tore- `ing an annular groove in the inner wall l .ceive a chargeof molten glass of suflicient 'size to form .a desired article ofglassware '90 and. having'means for l'causing'a suction within saidinternal' grooveto facilitate entrance of a portion of said g1ass: chare into said groove and to tend to retain sai glass charge againstfallingdownwardly through the-' receptacle, and,A a plu-nger having areduced head portion ofless area in cross section than' the boreof thereceptacle and aA body portion adapted to fit'islidably in saidreceptacle, said plunger being adapted to be projected from abovedownwardly through .said receptacleagainst the glass therein andpartiallyvpast said annular groove toc/oopcratev with said neck" nioldand with said suction to, forina' portion of` the glass of` said,chargev into the neck portion of the ticle of glassware being made andto eX- trude from 'the 4neck mold an] unconlined masso'fglass for thebody-of said article of glassware, -said plunger "having la passage'extending' longitudinally thereof through which pressure fluid may beapplied to the4 c extruded glass Vto blow such glass to hollowy y 5.The`methdof forming an article of hollow glassware which comprisesdelivering a separated charge of molten glass sullif cient for thearticle to. be madefdownwardly into/a substantially vertical openendedreceptacle having Vits lower end` 'port-ion formed to constitute aneck`^niold,"`tempora rily restraining glass .of the charge lfrom movingdownwardly from said receptacle so as to .cause a portionof the vglassof the, charge to be shaped externally in accordance 12 witl-itlie'internal contour of said neck. mold,

and then applying a downwardly acting Vforce axially of the` glass inthereceptacle to gi've saidl externally shaped portion of the within .saidinternal groove to facilitate en'- j glass an internal'contour' and-toforce other to constitute a neck mold, temporarily -restraining glass ofthe charge from movlng downwardly from saidreceptacle so vas to cause a`portion of such glass to be shaped externally in accordance with theinternal Iit contour of said neck mold, and projecting a pressingplunger having a reduced end portion downwardly through the receptacleinto the glass therein to impart an internal contour to' glass in thenecky mold of sutlicient quantity for the neck finish portion of thearticle being made, and to force the remainder of the glass of thecharge downwardly into suspension from the neck mold.

7. The method of formingan article of hollow glassware which comprisesdelivering a separated charge containing suiiicient molten glass for thearticle desired to an openended substantially vertical receptacle havingits lower .portion formed to constitute a neck mold, temporarilyrestraining downward movement of glass of-the charge in the receptacleto cause a portion of the glass to assume an e ternal shapecorresponding with the internal contour of the neck mold ortion of thereceptacle, and

then projectlng a pressing plunger axially.

of the receptacle toimpart to the externally shaped portion of the glassan internal contour appropriate for the neck nish of the article desiredland. to bodily displace the major portion of the glass of the charge asubstantial vd-istance longitudinally of the receptacle.

8. Themethod of forming an article ofy hollow glassare which comprisesdelivering a separated charge containing sufficient molten glass for thearticle desired to an, `open-ended substantially vertical receptaclehaving its lower portion formed to constitute a neck mold, temporarilyrestraining,v downwardmovement of glass of the charge in the receptacleso as to cause a portion ofthe glass to assume an external shapecorresponding lwith the internal contour of the neck mold portion of thereceptacle, then projecting a pressing plunger axially of the receptacleto impart to the externally shaped portion of the glass an internalcontour appropriate for the neck finish of the article 9. V,In a methodof forming an article of hollow glassware, the steps of depositingaseparated charge of molten glass in a receptacle having al lower endportion formed to constitute a neck mold, applying suction to the glassin the neck mold, and applying a downwardly acting force on the axialportion of the glass in the receptacle to form a portion of thc glass inthe receptacle into the neck finish of the article being made withoutsubjecting the remainder of the Signed at Hartford, Connecticut, this2nd day of January, 1929.

` GEORGE E. ROWE.

desired and to bodily displace the major portion of the glass of thecharge a substantial distance longitudinally of the receptacle, andapplying blowing'pressure through the projected plunger into thedisplaced glass to expand such glass. f

